長毛兔懷孕那些事兒：給 “兔媽媽” 的孕期守護指南
發(fā)布日期：2025-06-24
來源：http://www.lilituan.com 發(fā)布人：創(chuàng)始人
當長毛兔進入孕期，其生理與行為都會發(fā)生微妙變化，這段時間的精心呵護直接關系到母兔健康與仔兔存活率。從確認懷孕到迎接新生命，每個環(huán)節(jié)都需掌握科學方法，為 “兔媽媽” 打造安心的孕育環(huán)境。
When long haired rabbits enter pregnancy, their physiology and behavior undergo subtle changes, and careful care during this period directly affects the health of the mother rabbit and the survival rate of the offspring. From confirming pregnancy to welcoming a new life, every step requires mastering scientific methods to create a safe breeding environment for 'rabbit mothers'.
一、早發(fā)現(xiàn)：識別懷孕的 “蛛絲馬跡”
1、 Early detection: identifying the "clues" of pregnancy
長毛兔懷孕周期約 30-32 天，配種后 8-10 天可進行摸胎檢查：輕觸母兔腹部，若能感覺到花生米大小、滑動的胚胎，基本可確認懷孕。此外，母兔懷孕后食欲明顯增加，體重每周約增長 50-100 克，乳房逐漸腫脹，乳頭顏色變深。需注意區(qū)分假孕現(xiàn)象 —— 部分母兔配種后也會出現(xiàn)銜草做窩行為，但腹部無胚胎，可通過多次摸胎或觀察體重變化鑒別。
The pregnancy cycle of long haired rabbits is about 30-32 days, and the first fetal examination can be performed 8-10 days after mating: gently touch the mother rabbit's abdomen, and if you can feel the peanut sized and sliding embryo, it can basically confirm pregnancy. In addition, after pregnancy, the appetite of female rabbits significantly increases, with a weight gain of about 50-100 grams per week. The breasts gradually swell and the nipples become darker in color. Attention should be paid to distinguishing the phenomenon of false pregnancy - some female rabbits may also exhibit the behavior of carrying grass and making nests after mating, but there are no embryos in the abdomen, which can be identified by multiple fetal touches or observing weight changes.
二、環(huán)境關：給 “兔媽媽” 造個 “安胎房”
2、 Environment: Build a 'safe pregnancy room' for 'Rabbit Mama'
懷孕母兔對環(huán)境刺激敏感，需單獨安置在安靜、干燥、通風的籠舍，避免強光、噪音及頻繁搬運?；\舍空間要充足，少保證 70×50 厘米的面積，防止擠壓胚胎；籠底鋪設柔軟墊料（如干凈稻草、木屑），但避免使用易纏繞的棉線。溫度控制在 15-25℃，冬季做好保暖（可在籠外掛保溫簾），夏季加強通風，防止高溫應激導致流產(chǎn)。
Pregnant female rabbits are sensitive to environmental stimuli and should be placed separately in a quiet, dry, and ventilated cage to avoid strong light, noise, and frequent handling. The cage space should be sufficient, with a minimum area of 70 x 50 centimeters, to prevent squeezing of embryos; Lay soft padding at the bottom of the cage (such as clean straw, sawdust), but avoid using easily tangled cotton thread. The temperature should be controlled at 15-25 ℃. Keep warm in winter (by hanging insulation curtains outside the cage), and strengthen ventilation in summer to prevent miscarriage caused by high temperature stress.
三、飲食經(jīng)：孕期營養(yǎng)的 “精準補給”
3、 Dietary Classic: Precise Supply of Nutrients during Pregnancy
孕早期（1-15 天）保持日常飼料量，可適當增加苜蓿草比例（占草料的 60%），補充蛋白質(zhì)與鈣；孕中期（16-25 天）胚胎快速發(fā)育，需提高飼料營養(yǎng)濃度：每公斤飼料中粗蛋白含量不低于 18%，可添加豆粕、魚粉等，同時每日喂食 10-15 克熟黃豆（打碎后拌料）。產(chǎn)前 3 天減少精料，增加青綠飼料（如蒲公英、胡蘿卜葉），防止母兔便秘。飲水需清潔溫熱，可在水中添加電解多維，增強母兔抗應激能力。
In the early stages of pregnancy (1-15 days), maintain daily feed intake and increase the proportion of alfalfa grass (60% of the feed) appropriately to supplement protein and calcium; During mid pregnancy (16-25 days), the embryo develops rapidly and requires an increase in feed nutrient concentration: the crude protein content in each kilogram of feed should not be less than 18%, and soybean meal, fish meal, etc. can be added. At the same time, 10-15 grams of cooked soybeans (crushed and mixed) should be fed daily. Reduce concentrated feed for 3 days before delivery and increase green feed (such as dandelion and carrot leaves) to prevent constipation in female rabbits. Drinking water should be clean and warm, and electrolytic multidimensional can be added to the water to enhance the stress resistance of female rabbits.
四、產(chǎn)前備：迎接新生命的 “硬件準備”
4、 Pre production preparation: hardware preparation for welcoming new life
臨產(chǎn)前 5-7 天放置產(chǎn)箱（木質(zhì)或塑料材質(zhì)，規(guī)格 40×30×25 厘米），箱底鋪 10 厘米厚的干凈稻草，頂部覆蓋毛巾保暖。產(chǎn)箱需提前（可用 0.1% 高錳酸鉀溶液擦拭），放置在籠舍溫暖角落，讓母兔熟悉環(huán)境。觀察母兔行為：當出現(xiàn)銜草做窩、頻繁出入產(chǎn)箱、拔胸毛鋪窩時，預示 48 小時內(nèi)即將分娩，此時可在籠內(nèi)放置紅糖水（50 毫升溫水 + 5 克紅糖），為母兔補充體力。
5-7 days before delivery, place the production box (made of wood or plastic material, with a size of 40 × 30 × 25 cm), lay 10 cm thick clean straw on the bottom of the box, and cover the top with a towel to keep warm. The production box needs to be disinfected in advance (can be wiped with 0.1% potassium permanganate solution) and placed in a warm corner of the cage to familiarize the mother rabbit with the environment. Observing the behavior of female rabbits: When there is a tendency to nest with grass, frequently enter and exit the delivery box, or pull out chest hair to lay the nest, it indicates that delivery is imminent within 48 hours. At this time, brown sugar water (50 milliliters of warm water+5 grams of brown sugar) can be placed in the cage to replenish the physical strength of the female rabbits.
五、生產(chǎn)時：守護分娩的 “靜默法則”
5、 During childbirth: The 'Silent Rule' for Guarding Childbirth
長毛兔分娩多在夜間或清晨，全程約 20-30 分鐘，母兔會自行咬斷臍帶、舔凈仔兔。分娩時需保持安靜，禁止伸手觸摸或頻繁查看，以免母兔因應激拒絕哺乳甚啃食仔兔。若發(fā)現(xiàn)母兔產(chǎn)后未食胎盤（可能導致泌乳不足），可將胎盤洗凈煮熟后切碎拌料喂食；若仔兔散落產(chǎn)箱外，需用干凈手套或筷子輕輕放回，避免沾染人類氣味。
Long haired rabbits often give birth at night or in the early morning, with a total duration of about 20-30 minutes. The mother rabbit will bite off the umbilical cord and lick the offspring on its own. During childbirth, it is necessary to maintain absolute silence and avoid touching or frequently checking to prevent the mother rabbit from refusing to breastfeed or even gnawing on the offspring due to stress. If it is found that the mother rabbit has not eaten the placenta after giving birth (which may lead to insufficient lactation), the placenta can be washed and cooked, chopped and mixed with feed; If the baby rabbits are scattered outside the litter box, they should be gently put back with clean gloves or chopsticks to avoid being contaminated with human odors.
六、產(chǎn)后護：母子健康的 “雙重防線”
6、 Postpartum care: the "dual defense line" for mother and child health
產(chǎn)后 24 小時內(nèi)檢查仔兔狀況：健康仔兔腹部圓潤、膚色紅潤，擠在產(chǎn)箱角落；若仔兔身體發(fā)涼、叫聲微弱，需立即用 38℃溫水袋保溫。母兔產(chǎn)后 3 天內(nèi)易患乳房炎，每日檢查乳房：若出現(xiàn)紅腫、硬塊，可用熱毛巾熱敷后涂抹青霉素軟膏。泌乳期母兔采食量激增，需提供充足飼料（精料每日增加 150 克），并多喂多汁飼料（如胡蘿卜、南瓜），促進乳汁分泌。仔兔 12 天開眼后，可在產(chǎn)箱內(nèi)放置少量苜蓿草粉和水，引導其提前采食。
Within 24 hours after delivery, check the condition of the baby rabbits: healthy baby rabbits have round bellies, rosy skin, and are squeezed in the corner of the delivery box; If the body of the baby rabbit feels cold and the call is weak, it is necessary to immediately use a 38 ℃ warm water bag to keep it warm. Female rabbits are prone to mastitis within 3 days after delivery. Daily breast examinations are necessary. If redness, swelling, or lumps appear, a hot towel can be used to apply penicillin ointment. During lactation, female rabbits experience a significant increase in food intake and require sufficient feed (up to 150 grams of concentrated feed per day) as well as juicy feed (such as carrots and pumpkins) to promote milk secretion. After 12 days of eye opening, a small amount of alfalfa powder and water can be placed in the production box to guide the young rabbit to eat in advance.
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