蒙陰長毛兔傳染性水皰性口炎的防治方法
發(fā)布日期：2025-12-11
來源：http://www.lilituan.com 發(fā)布人：創(chuàng)始人
蒙陰長毛兔傳染性水泡性口炎是由水泡性口炎病毒引起的蒙陰長毛兔急性傳染病，主要特點是口腔粘膜出現(xiàn)水皰性炎癥。由于伴有大量流涎，故又稱“流涎病”。病毒主要存在于病蒙陰長毛兔的皰液、皰皮及局部淋巴結(jié)中。
Infectious vesicular stomatitis in Mongolian long haired rabbits is an acute infectious disease caused by vesicular stomatitis virus, characterized by vesicular inflammation of the oral mucosa. Due to excessive salivation, it is also known as "salivation disease". The virus mainly exists in the blister fluid, blister skin, and local lymph nodes of the Mongolian long haired rabbit.
【診斷要點】
【 Diagnostic Key Points 】
(一)流行特征。病蒙陰長毛兔是主要傳染源。通過消化道感染，發(fā)病率可達60%以上，死亡率可達50%左右。主要影響1-3月齡的蒙陰長毛兔子。尤其是斷奶后1-2周齡的幼蒙陰長毛兔。這種情況在成年蒙陰長毛兔子中較少發(fā)生。喂養(yǎng)不當(dāng)。飼喂發(fā)霉帶刺的飼料、口腔損傷等均可誘發(fā)本病。其多發(fā)于春、秋兩季。
?。?） Popular features. The Mengyin long haired rabbit is the main source of infection. Through digestive tract infection, the incidence rate can reach more than 60%, and the mortality can reach about 50%. Mainly affecting Mongolian long haired rabbits aged 1-3 months. Especially for young Mongolian long haired rabbits aged 1-2 weeks after weaning. This situation is less common in adult shaded long haired rabbits. Improper feeding. Feeding moldy and prickly feed, oral damage, etc. can all induce this disease. It is more common in spring and autumn.
(2)癥狀：潛伏期3-4天。發(fā)病初期，口腔粘膜出現(xiàn)潮紅、充血。隨后，唇、舌、硬腭、口腔粘膜出現(xiàn)小米扁豆大小的水泡；它們充滿了透明的纖維素液體。很快水癌破裂，常引起繼發(fā)細菌感染，引起唇、舌和口腔粘膜壞死，形成斑塊和潰瘍，并伴有惡臭。同時，還有大量的流涎，使得脖子、胸部和前爪上的毛發(fā)都濕漉漉的。局部皮膚經(jīng)常被浸泡和刺激，引起炎癥和脫發(fā)。外生殖器也可能出現(xiàn)潰瘍性病變。由于蒙陰長毛兔子不斷流涎，大量流失水分、粘液蛋白和某些代謝產(chǎn)物，會出現(xiàn)一些全身癥狀。由于口腔病變，食欲不振、疲憊不堪、消化不良、腹瀉等，病蒙陰長毛兔體溫升高4041，精神抑郁、失重、虛弱。病程一般為2-10天，因勞累而死亡。
(2) Symptoms: Incubation period of 3-4 days. In the early stages of the disease, the oral mucosa appears flushed and congested. Subsequently, blisters ranging from millet to bean sized appeared on the lips, tongue, hard palate, and oral mucosa; They are filled with transparent cellulose liquid. Quickly, water cancer ruptures, often causing secondary bacterial infections that lead to necrosis of the lips, tongue, and oral mucosa, forming plaques and ulcers, accompanied by a foul odor. At the same time, there was also a lot of drooling, making the hair on the neck, chest, and front paws wet. Local skin is often soaked and irritated, causing inflammation and hair loss. Ulcerative lesions may also occur in the external genitalia. Due to the continuous drooling of Mongolian long haired rabbits, a large amount of water, mucous proteins, and certain metabolites are lost, resulting in some systemic symptoms. Due to oral lesions, loss of appetite, fatigue, indigestion, diarrhea, etc., the body temperature of the Mengyin Long haired Rabbit has risen to 4041, with mental depression, weight loss, and weakness. The course of the disease usually lasts for 2-10 days, and eventually leads to death due to fatigue.
(3)病變。尸檢顯示口腔粘膜、舌和唇粘膜出現(xiàn)水泡、糜爛和潰瘍。咽、喉部積有泡沫狀唾液，唾液腺紅腫。胃膨脹并充滿粘稠液體。腸粘膜有卡他性炎癥改變。身體非常消瘦。
(3) Disease. Autopsy showed blisters, erosions, and ulcers on the oral mucosa, tongue, and lip mucosa. There is foam like saliva in the pharynx and throat, and the salivary glands are red and swollen. The stomach swells and is filled with viscous liquid. There is catarrhal inflammation in the intestinal mucosa. The body is very thin.
[防治技術(shù)]
[Prevention and Control Technology]
(一)預(yù)防。應(yīng)加強飼養(yǎng)管理，防止病蒙陰長毛兔傳入。應(yīng)給蒙陰長毛兔喂松軟易消化的草料，防止口腔外傷。如果發(fā)現(xiàn)病蒙陰長毛兔，應(yīng)立即隔離，并更換、柔軟、易消化的草料。蒙陰長毛兔籠、蒙陰長毛兔舍及用具應(yīng)用2%燒堿溶液、20%熱草木灰水或0.5%過氧乙酸。
?。?） Prevention. We should strengthen the management of animal husbandry to prevent the transmission of disease prone long haired rabbits. Soft and easily digestible grass should be fed to Mongolian long haired rabbits to prevent oral trauma. If a sick Mongolian long haired rabbit is found, it should be immediately isolated and replaced with high-quality, soft, and easily digestible grass. The Mongolian long haired rabbit cage, Mongolian long haired rabbit house and utensils should be disinfected with 2% caustic soda solution, 20% hot grass ash water or 0.5% peracetic acid.
(2)。病蒙陰長毛兔給予磺胺二甲嗪0.1g/kg體重口服，每日1次，連續(xù)數(shù)日，并以蘇打水為飲水，以控制繼發(fā)細菌感染，減輕口腔炎癥。同時進行對癥。用0.1%高錳酸鉀、1%鹽水、2%硼酸溶液（或明礬水）沖洗口腔。涂上碘甘油或撒上青黛粉，用金銀花或野菊花水煎喂。
(2) Treatment. Sick Mongolian long haired rabbits were given 0.1g/kg body weight of sulfamethoxazole orally once a day for several consecutive days, with soda water as drinking water, to control secondary bacterial infections and reduce oral inflammation. Simultaneously provide symptomatic treatment. Rinse the oral cavity with 0.1% potassium permanganate, 1% saline solution, and 2% boric acid solution (or alum water). Coat with iodine glycerin or sprinkle with indigo powder, fry with honeysuckle or wild chrysanthemum water and feed.
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